PENGARUH METODE HAND WASH TERHADAP PENURUNAN JUMLAH ANGKA KUMAN PADA PERAWAT RUANG RAWAT INAP DI RSKIA PKU MUHAMMADIYAH KOTAGEDE YOGYAKARTA

Latar Belakang: Indonesia memiliki angka kejadian HAIs mencapai 15.74%, jauh diatas negara maju yang berkisar 4.8-15.5. Angka insidensi terjadinya infeksi nosokomial di rumah sakit Yogyakarta secara umum sebesar 5.9%. Mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun yang dipraktikan secara tepat dan benar merupakan cara termudah dan efektif untuk mencegah berjangkitnya penyakit seperti diare, kolera, ISPA, cacingan, flu, hepatitis A dan bahkan flu burung. Kegagalan melakukan kebersihan tangan yang baik dan benar dianggap sebagai penyebab utama infeksi nosokomial dan penyebaran mikroorganisme multi resisten di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dan telah diakui sebagai kontributor yang penting terhadap timbulnya wabah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode hand wash terhadap penurunan jumlah angka kuman pada perawat. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan quasi exsperiment dengan rancangan pretest-posttest one group. Subjek penelitian ini adalah perawat ruang rawat inap di RSKIA PKU Muhammadiyah Kotagede Yogyakarta sejumlah 30 orang, objek dalam penelitian ini adalah angka kuman sebelum dan sesudah mencuci tangan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji Wilcoxon. Hasil: Hasil uji Wilcoxon diperoleh hasil nilai p value adalah 0.000 <0.005 artinya terdapat pengaruh mencuci tangan dengan menggunakan metode handwash terhadap penurunan jumlah angka kuman pada perawat ruang rawat inap di RSKIA PKU Muhammadiyah Kotagede Yogyakarta. Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh metode handwash terhadap penurunan jumlah angka kuman

Correlation of Cholinesterase Levels to Lung Function in Farmer Exposed by Organophosphate Pesticides in Sukorambi Village, Jember Regency

Abstract &nbsp; Most of the Indonesia population work as a farmer. Pesticides are used in agriculture sector for pest and plant diseases. Pesticides can cause intoxication. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 1-5 million cases of pesticides poisoning among agricultural workers occur in developing countries. Indonesia pesticide poisoning cases reach 771 cases. Organophosphate enter the body through inhalation. Organophosphate pesticides work systemic to inhibit the cholinesterase enzyme causing lung function disorders. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation of cholinesterase levels to lung function in farmers exposed to organophosphate pesticides in Sukorambi Village, Jember Regency. This is an observational analytic study using a cross sectional design. Cholinesterase levels test using the DGKC method to determine the presence of poisoning, while for lung function test using spirometry with FVC, FEV1 and FEV1 / FVC ratios as parameters. The results of the test&nbsp; in 30 samples showed 14.33% (4/30) abnormal cholinesterase levels or decreased. Lung function test showed 20% (6/30) had obstructive disorders, 43.33% (13/30) restrictive disorders and 36.67% (11/30) were normal. Data analysis using chi square showed a significant relationship (p = 0.049) between cholinesterase levels and lung function. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of cholinesterase to decrease in pulmonary physiology of farmers exposed to organophosphate pesticides in Sukorambi Village, Jember Regency. &nbsp; Keyword :Organophosphate, cholinesterase level, lung function &nbsp

CURATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE THROUGH LIBRARIES

Libraries, museums and archives hold valuable collections in a variety of media, presenting a vast body of knowledge rooted in the history of human civilisation. These form the repository of the wisdom of great works by thinkers of past and the present. The holdings of these institutions are priceless heritage of the mankind as they preserve documents, ideas, and the oral and written records. To value the cultural heritage and to care for it as a treasure bequeathed to us by our ancestors is the major responsibility of libraries. The past records constitute a natural resource and are indispensable to the present generation as well as to the generations to come. Libraries preserve the documentary heritage resources for which they are primarily responsible. Any loss of such materials is simply irreplaceable. Therefore, preserving this intellectual, cultural heritage becomes not only the academic commitment but also the moral responsibility of the librarians/information scientists, who are in charge of these repositories. The high quality of the papers and the discussion represent the thinking and experience of experts in their particular fields. The contributed papers also relate to the methodology used in libraries in Asia to provide access to manuscripts and cultural heritage. The volume discusses best practices in Knowledge preservation and how to collaborate and preserve the culture. The book also deals with manuscript and archives issues in the digital era. The approach of this book is concise, comprehensively, covering all major aspects of preservation and conservation through libraries. The readership of the book is not just limited to library and information science professionals, but also for those involved in conservation, preservation, restoration or other related disciplines. The book will be useful for librarians, archivists and conservators. We thank the Sunan Kalijaga University, Special Libraries Association- Asian Chapter for their trust and their constant support, all the contributors for their submissions, the members of the Local and International Committee for their reviewing effort for making this publication possible

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula terhadap Karakteristik Kimia dan Mikrobiologi Kombucha dari Dua Varietas Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)

Kombucha merupakan produk minuman fermentasi yang terbuat dari larutan teh dan gula dengan penambahan starter kombucha yang disebut dengan SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast). Selama proses fermentasi stater menghasilkan berbagai zat gizi yang menjadikan kombucha memiliki manfaat kesehatan untuk tubuh. Tomat merupakan bahan pangan yang memiliki berbagai kandungan gizi tinggi, seperti vitamin A, C, B1, B2, B3, mineral dan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat dimanfaatkan pada proses fermentasi kombucha. Guna meningkatkan nilai gizi dari tomat perlu dilakukan diversifikasi produk, salah satunya menjadi produk fermentasi kombucha. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi gula terhadap karakteristik kimia dan mikrobiologi kombucha dari dua varietas tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Metode Penelitian yang digunakan p ada penelitian ini yaitu metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor 1 varietas tomat yaitu tomat sayur dan tomat cherry. Sedangkan untuk faktor 2 konsentrasi gula yaitu 5%, 10% dan 15%. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa secara statistika menggunakan analisa keragaman ANOVA dengan selang kepercayaan 95%. Apabila hasil menunjukkan berbeda nyata maka dilakukan uji BNT 5%, sedangkan apabila terdapat interaksi kedua perlakuan, maka diuji lanjut menggunakan DMRT 5%. Pemilihan perlakuan terbaik menggunakan metode Zeleny. Perlakuan terbaik kombucha tomat sayur dengan konsentrasi gula 10% memiliki karakteristik kimia dan mikrobiologi sebagai berikut: total mikroba sebesar 2,51 x 1010 CFU/ml, total asam sebesar 3,9%, pH sebesar 2,9, total gula sebesar 2,76%, dan total fenol sebesar 294,86 µg GAE/ml